Pengenalan router WAN

Router adalah sebuah komputer khusus, router mempunyai komponen-komponen dasar
yang sama dengan PC desktop,  Router mempunyai CPU, memori, sistem bus, dan
banyak interface input/output. Router didisain untuk melakukan tugas khusus yang tidak
dimiliki oleh PC desktop. Contoh, router menghubungkan dan mengijinkan komunikasi
antara dua jaringan dan menentukan jalur data yang melalui koneksi jaringan.
Sama dengan PC, router membutuhkan operating system untuk menjalankan fungsinya,
yaitu Internetwork Operating System (IOS) software untuk menjalankan file-file
konfigurasinya. Konfigurasi-konfigurasi ini berisi perintah-perintah dan parameter yang
mengontrol aliran trafik yang masuk dan keluar dari router. Router menggunakan protokol
routing untuk menentukan jalur terbaik.
Komponen utama dari router adalah random-access memory (RAM), nonvolatile randomaccess memory (NVRAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM) dan interfaceinterface.
RAM mempunyai fungsi dan karakteristik sebagai berikut:
− Menyimpan tabel routing
− Menangani cache ARP
− Menangani cache fast-switching
− Menangani packet buffering dan share RAM
− Menangani antrian paket
− Menyediakan temporary memory untuk file konfigurasi pada saat router bekerja
− Data akan hilang pada saat router dimatikan atau restart
NVRAM mempunyai fungsi dan karakteristik sebagai berikut:
− Menyediakan storage untuk file startup configuration
− Data masih ada walaupun router dimatikan atau restart
Flash memory mempunyai fungsi dan karakteristik sebagai berikut:
− Menangani IOS image
− Memberi akses software untuk melakukan update tanpa harus melepas chip pada
prosesornya
− Data masih ada ketika router dimatikan atau restart
− Dapat menyimpan beberapa versi software IOS
− Merupakan tipe dari Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory
(EEPROM)
ROM mempunyai fungsi dan karakteristik sebagai berikut:
− Menangani perintah-perintah untuk keperluan diagnosa power-on selt test (POST)
− Menyimpan program bootstap dan dasar operating system
− Membutuhkan melepas chip pada motherboard pada saat melaukan upgrade software
Interface mempunyai fungsi dan karakteristik sebagai berikut:
− Menghubungkan router ke suatu jaringan sebagai keluar masuknya paket data
− Hanya berada dalam motherboard atau sebagai module yang terpisah

802.11n is the third-generation Wi-Fi standard for wireless home networking

802.11n is the third-generation Wi-Fi standard for wireless home networking. 802.11n equipment is backward compatible with older 802.11g or 802.11b gear, and it supports much faster wireless connections over longer distances.

So-called Wireless N or Draft N routers available today are based on a preliminary version of the 802.11n industry specification. They are not guaranteed to fully interoperate with future 802.11n products.

All products listed in this category feature three MIMO radios and antennas that are the key feature of Wireless N routers, plus four-port 10/100 Ethernet switches for wired connections.

1. Belkin N1 Wireless Router

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Introduced in 2006, the N1 (F5D8231-4) improves on Belkin's earlier pre-N wireless broadband router (the F5D8320-4). The Belkin N1 supports 300 Mbps maximum network bandwidth per the Draft N standard and a range up to 1,400 feet (450 m) using its 3 built-in antennas. Belkin supplies its limited lifetime warranty for the N1. They also offer matching 802.11n-capable network adapters (necessary to achieve the router's full speed and range).

2. Linksys WRT300N Wireless-N Broadband Router

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The WRT300N is one of several Linksys/Cisco draft-N standard wireless routers using 802.11n technology. Supporting three MIMOantennas and radios, it offers higher performance and greater range than the Linksys WRT150, for example, which features only 2 radios. Be prepared to tweak a few network settings out of the box; some report suffering dropped connections and technical difficulty in configuring this product to work with older 802.11b/g equipment. Cisco Systems supplies a limited 3-year warranty with the WRT300N.

3. TRENDnet TEW-631BRP

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TRENDnet may be a lesser known name in home networking, but the TEW-631BRP matches up well with the competition. TRENDnet tests this draft N router with Windows, Linux and Mac OS and supplies its 3-year warranty. Some reviewers have noted the TEW-631BRP maintains a strong wireless signal (important to avoid "dead spots" in homes) and runs reliably. This product also supports a switch that allows you to turn off the wireless radios when not using any Wi-Fi connections; it is a nice security feature many other routers don't support. Adjustable antennas and an attractive blue case round out the unit.

4. NETGEAR WNR834B RangeMax NEXT Wireless-N Router

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Like other wireless routers in this category, the WNR834B boasts Multi-In, Multi-Out (MIMO) antenna technology to improve speed and range. Naturally, you get maximum performance when using matching pre-N wireless adapters with this router, up to 270 Mbps according to Netgear. The WNR834B also includes built-in Quality of Service (QoS) and a 1-year warranty.

5. Buffalo WZR2-G300N Wireless-N Nfiniti Router

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Buffalo can boast of an especially easy setup process for this router thanks to the AirStation One-Touch Secure System (AOSS) technology. Utilizing a physical button on the router, AOSS creates a default network configuration with just a few clicks. This router also is competitive in other areas including signal strength and security. The product may be more difficult to find than others in this category, however, due to ongoing legal proceeedings between Buffalo and another organization. Buffalo supplies its 2-year warranty for the WZR2-G300N.

D-Link RangeBooster N 650 Router

This D-Link product was one of the early models of draft N wireless routers but has since been discontinued. Consequently, it may prove to be incompatible with the final 802.11n standard. This router advertised full support for up to 300 Mbps bandwidth utilizing the three Wi-Fi radios and detachable antennas. It also contains standard security features including WPA2 encryption and SPI firewall. contains Quality of Service (QoS) technology for improved VoIP support. Models sold in the U.S. and Canada included a 1-year warranty.